Användningen av sociala medier i den svenska trädgårdsbranschen

Sociala medier används allt oftare som en plattform för små företag för att nå ut till sina nuvarande och önskade kunder. Samtidigt blir det allt lättare för konsumenterna att nå de sociala medierna vart man än är, vilket gör det lättare för företagen att snabbare nå ut till sina kunder. Användandet av sociala medier ökar för varje dag som går. Genom att sociala medier för det mesta är kostnadsfritt är detta ett perfekt forum för mindre företag, som inte har så stor budget, att lätt marknadsföra sig. Genom denna studie ska man se vad företagen har för uppfattning om de största riskerna, kostnaderna och möjligheterna som finns med sociala medier och då främst Facebook, samt även se varför vissa men inte andra använder sig av sociala medier. Sociala medier betecknar aktiviteter som kombinerar teknologi, social interaktion och användaregenererat innehåll, till exempel chatfunktioner, bloggar och diskussionsforum. Sociala medier är idag en stor samlingsplats för så väl privatpersoner som företag. Genom det snabba sätt man kan nå ut med information till kunder och allmänhet så kan dagens sociala medier lätt vara de som sätter rubrikerna. Det gäller då att den som har hand om de sociala medierna på företagen har den kunskap som krävs så att det inte blir fel. Om inte, kan det leda till att företagen ger ut fel information och att felaktig information sprids om företagen genom word-of mouth. Företagen behöver även ha den kunskap för att utnyttja alla funktioner som finns. Vikten idag att vara med på sociala medier är stor om man inte vill komma efter. Denna studie är uppbyggd på intervjuer med företag inom trädgårdsbranschen. Deras svar har sedan varit en del av grunden till det resultat och diskussion som kommer. Även en litteraturstudie har gjorts på den forskning som finns i dagsläget. Resultatet visar att trädgårdsföretagen är stora användare av sociala medier och då främst Facebook. Storleken på företagen har ingen betydelse gällande användandet av social medier. Undantagen är de företag som har ren B2B-försäljning vilka inte använder sig av sociala medier. Anledningarna till att företagen använder sig av sociala medier och då främst Facebook är för att man vill nå ut till kunderna med snabb information och för att de befintliga kunderna ska kunna sprida informationen vidare till nya potentiella kunder. Företagen ser idag mer fördelar än nackdelar med sociala medier. Det gäller att hela tiden hålla sig uppdaterad och kunna vända eventuella nackdelar till fördelar. De ser riskerna med sociala medier som minimala, man vet att de finns där om man inte är varsam. Framtiden ser ljus ut för användandet av sociala medier och företagen vill och kommer att använda sig av det. Sociala medier är här för att stanna.reach out to their current and desired customers. At the same time it is becoming easier for consumers to reach the social media wherever you are, which is making it easier for businesses to quickly reach out to their customers. The use of social media increases with each passing day. Since social media is mostly free of charge, this is a perfect forum for small businesses that do not have large budgets to easily market themselves. In this study, you will see what ideas businesses have about the major risks, costs and opportunities of social media, primarily Facebook, and also see why some but not others use social media. Social media represents activities that combine technology, social interaction and user generated content such as chat features, blogs and community forums. Social media is now a major gathering place for both private individuals and companies. Through the quick ways to get information out to customers and the public, today's social media can easily be those who put headlines. This makes it important for the person in charge of social media in a company to have the knowledge necessary to avoid making a mistake. If not, it can lead to companies giving out wrong information and misinformation spreading about the company through word of mouth. Companies also need to have the knowledge to utilize all the features available. The importance today to be on social media is great if you do not want to fall behind. This study is based on interviews with companies in the horticultural industry. Their responses have been a part of the basis for the results and discussion coming. A literature study has also been done on the research available today. The result shows that gardening companies are big users of social media, primarily Facebook. The size of the companies does not matter when it comes to the use of social media. The exceptions are the companies that have pure B2B sales which do not use social media. The reasons why businesses use social media, primarily Facebook, is because they want to reach customers with timely information and so existing customers will spread it to new potential customers. Businesses today see more advantages than disadvantages with social media. They have to keep themselves constantly updated and be able to turn disadvantages to their own advantage for the company. They see the risks with social media as minimal, but know that the risks are there if they are not careful. The future looks bright for the use of social media and companies want and will use it. Social media is here to stay

Convergence in wing coloration between orange underwing moths (Archiearis spp.) and tortoiseshell butterflies (Aglais spp.)

We analysed the wing coloration of the orange underwing moth Archiearis parthenias (Geometridae, Archiearinae) in comparison with the small tortoiseshell butterfly Aglais urticae (Nymphalidae). Both species fly in early spring and occur sympatrically in the northern Palaearctic. Aglais, the more common species, has a longer flight period and uses a broader range of habitats. Both species show a camouflaged colour pattern on surfaces exposed at rest but a bright orange signal in flight. Although the evolution of its coloration is constrained by its geometrid morphology, Archiearis is functionally similar to Aglais both while resting and in flight. Archiearis has presumably evolved from nocturnal geometrid ancestors. Its shift to diurnality has included a change in the predator defence system from one based on ultrasonic hearing, functional against bats, to one presumably functional against birds. Preliminary palatability tests showed that Aglais is distasteful to birds (chicken), while Archiearis seems to be palatable. The function of the convergent coloration is unknown, but several possibilities are discussed

Embodied navigation: the influence of lived experience on physical activity and sedentary behavior among older adults

Purpose The impact of a sedentary lifestyle on health and well-being is well recognized. However, there is limited understanding of how a lifetime of physical activity and sedentary behaviour influences an active lifestyle in older adults. The aim of this study was to describe how lived experience of physical activity and sedentary behaviour impacts daily activities among older adults, from a life course perspective. Methods Qualitative content analysis was used; individual telephone interviews were conducted with fourteen older adults aged 71 to 92 years. The participants received initial support from community care and lived in ordinary housing in southern Sweden. Results The interviews yielded one theme, “Navigating with an embodied activity compass,” and two sub-themes: “Being guided by the past” and “Unveiling pathways through body awareness.” Conclusions Our study highlights how older adults’ lived experiences of physical activity, with their connections to body awareness and acceptance, impact daily physical activity. These findings offer new knowledge for clinical practitioners balancing recommendations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity, to promote healthy daily physical activity among older adults. Future research and policies should consider the lived experiences of older adults when addressing public health matters related to sedentary behaviour and physical activity

The meaning of sedentary behavior among older adults : a phenomenological hermeneutic study

Background: A sedentary lifestyle has implications for health and well-being. For healthy ageing, it is recommended to interrupt prolonged sitting; however, little is known about the meaning of sedentary behavior among older adults. The aim of this study was to understand the meaning of sedentary behavior among older adults with initial support from community care. Methods: A phenomenological hermeneutics approach was used, and individual interviews were conducted with sixteen older adults aged 70 to 97 years, by phone and face to face. The older adults lived in ordinary housing in southern Sweden and received initial support from community care. Results: The interviews yielded three key themes: Being sedentary is an unnatural part of life, having an ageing body means unwanted frailty, and having a sedentary lifestyle is based on conscious choices. Conclusion: Being sedentary means having a lack of physical activity and social interactions, resulting in wanting to be more physically active than sometimes possible. Clinical practitioners should bear in mind that becoming more sedentary is inevitable with an ageing body, but that older adults may have an innate desire to be as physically active as possible. A lifelong exposure to physical activity, the possibility of well-being found in sedentary activities and the impact of social networks should not be overlooked when creating clinical interventions to break unhealthy sedentary behavior among older adults. To increase the understanding of sedentary behavior among older adults, future research could focus on the impact of physical impairment on sedentary behavior and the relationship between sedentary behavior and physical activity throughout life. © 2023, The Author(s)

Daily activity patterns in older adults receiving initial support : the association between daily steps and sitting in bouts of at least 60 min

Background: Aging has a significant impact on health, underlining the importance of maintaining physical function and reducing time spent sitting among older adults. To understand how to reduce prolonged sitting or increase physical activity, factors related to the daily living and observed daily activity patterns should be explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between daily steps, self-rated health, physical activity, sedentary behavior, motivation to exercise and fear of falling among older adults receiving initial support. Method: Cross-sectional design with total population questionnaire data from adults aged ≥ 60 years (n = 917), living at home with initial support from municipal care in southern Sweden. The older adults were offered to participate in a follow-up study measuring daily activity patterns with accelerometers (n = 72). Linear regression was used to analyze associations between daily steps and possible predictors. Results: The linear model ($${R}^{2}=$$ 0.478) showed that sitting in unbroken bouts of > 60 min (β = -0.313, p < 0.05), walking independently outdoors (β = 0.301, p < 0.05), intending to increase physical activity (β = -0.294, p < 0.05), sex (β = 0.279, p < 0.05), relative autonomy index (β = 0.258, p < 0.05), fear of falling (β = -0.238, p < 0.05), and self-rated health (β = 0.213, p < 0.05) predicted daily steps. Conclusion: The model of predictors brings new understanding regarding daily steps among community-dwelling older adults. The association between sitting in bouts of > 60 min and daily steps is interesting as 35% of participants had a number of sitting bouts that on average, showed 30% less steps taken. Minimizing long sitting bouts and maintaining physical functioning to promote independence when walking outdoors can be tools for clinical practitioners devising interventions to break prolonged sitting among community-dwelling older adults. Future research should prioritize studying older adults’ outdoor walking independence, including its relation to walking with or without assistive devices and its impact on physical activity and sedentary behavior. © 2024, The Author(s)

Additional file 1 of Daily activity patterns in older adults receiving initial support: the association between daily steps and sitting in bouts of at least 60 min

Supplementary file 1. Comparison of the large study sample and those who agreed to wear an accelerometer

A system for detecting customer behaviour in open productstocks: As Long As It Scales

Denna rapport beskriver systemet ALAIS (As Long As It Scales) och hur det harutvecklats. ALAIS byggdes i samband med ett kandidatarbete i programvaruutvecklingvid Linköpings universitet åt företaget Valtech. Syftet med systemetär att demonstrera att det går att utföra automatiserad A/B-testning genom attplacera skålar med godis på olika vågar och se hur positionen, samt eventuellamärkningar, som ekologisk, påverkar konsumtionen. Det färdiga systemet är uppdelati tre moduler, en som sköter kommunikationen med vågarna, en som utförberäkningar och kommunicerar med en databas, och en som består av ett grafisktgränssnitt som användaren interagerar med. De tre modulerna kommunicerarmed varandra över ett nätverk. Rapporten avslutas med individuella erfarenheterfrån alla gruppmedlemmar

Utveckling av framtida konkurrenskraftig närvärme (0,05-20 MWth) med säkrad bränslekvalitet samt hög tillgänglighet, effektivitet och miljöprestanda

The heating sector (0.05 to 20 MW) is during the coming years facing an increased competition for (bio) fuels and, at the same time, an expanded broadening of the raw material base for fuels. At the same time the demand for availability, efficiency and environmental performance are increasing. This report describes key barriers, knowledge gaps and needs for research, development and demonstration activities identified. Producers of fuels and of combustion equipments as well as users have been identified and their views have been collected through interviews and / or questionnaires. Research and ongoing programs and activities in Sweden are described briefly. The results show great need for knowledge of new fuels in the whole chain from fuel processing to quality assurance, combustion and emission reduction. There is also great need for coordination of resources, clarification of the research structure, increased contact and improved communication and implementation of results. Based on the results a structure, content and funding of a coordinated R & D program with a focus on the heating sector 0,05-20 MW is proposed. Key factors for success are the inclusion of the entire chain fuel-conversion-system/environment, coordination of physical locations for research and development, and overall governance. All three parts basic research, applied research and demonstration should be included.Närvärmesektorn (0,05-20 MW) står de kommande åren inför ökad konkurrens om, och en utvidgad råvarubas för (bio)bränslen. Samtidigt ökar kraven på tillgänglighet, effektivitet och miljöprestanda. Denna rapport beskriver viktiga hinder, kunskapsbrister och behov av forsknings-, utvecklings- och demonstrationsinsatser identifierade hos bränsle- och utrustningstillverkare samt användare inom sektorn. Aktörer har kartlagts och deras synpunkter har samlats in via intervjuer och/eller enkäter. Forskningsmiljöer och pågående program och aktiviteter i Sverige beskrivs kortfattat. Resultaten visar på stora behov av kunskap kring nya bränslen i hela kedjan från bränsleförädling till kvalitetssäkring, förbränning och emissionsreducering. Det finns även stort behov av samordning av resurser, tydliggörande av forskningsstruktur, ökad kontaktyta och förbättrad kommunikation och implementering av resultat. Baserat på resultaten föreslås struktur, innehåll och finansiering av ett samordnat FUD-program med fokus Närvärme. Viktiga framgångsfaktorer är inkludering av hela kedjan bränsle-omvandling-system/miljö, samodning av fysiska lokaliseringar för forskning och utveckling och övergripande styrning. Alla tre delmomenten grundforskning, tillämpad FoU och demonstration bör ingå.Godkänd; 2011; 20110711 (ohmmar